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The Al-Qaida Sanctions Committee (previously known as the Al-Qaida and Taliban Sanctions Committee) was established on 15 October 1999, pursuant to UN Security Council Resolution 1267 concerning Osama bin Laden, al-Qaeda and/or the Taliban and associated individuals and entities. It has subsequently been modified to deal with issues limited to al-Qaeda. The Al-Qaida Sanctions Committee is one of three Security Council committees dealing with counter-terrorism. The other two committees are the Counter-Terrorism Committee established pursuant to Security Council Resolution 1373 (2001), and the Security Council Committee established pursuant to Resolution 1540 (2004). Resolution 1267 (1999) and subsequent resolutions have all been adopted under Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter and require all UN Member States to ''inter alia'': "freeze the assets of, prevent the entry into or transit through their territories by, and prevent the direct or indirect supply, sale and transfer of arms and military equipment to any individual or entity associated with Al-Qaida, Osama bin Laden and/or the Taliban as designated by the Committee". On 17 June 2011, Resolution 1989 was adopted, so that the sanctions measures now apply to designated individuals and entities associated solely with al-Qaeda. On this same date, Resolution 1988 was adopted, creating a new committee dealing exclusively with sanctions relating to the Taliban. The Al-Qaida Sanctions Committee, like other Security Council committees, is composed of Member State representatives from the 15 members of the United Nations Security Council. These are the five permanent members, China, France, the Russian Federation, the United Kingdom and the United States, and ten other rotating members. The current Chairman of the Committee is H.E. Mr. Gary Quinlan, the Permanent Representative of Australia to the United Nations. The two Vice-Chairs are from Guatemala and the Russian Federation. Chair positions do not carry extraordinary decision-making power as the Committee takes all its decisions by consensus.〔United Nations 1267 Security Council Committee, General Information, http://www.un.org/sc/committees/1267/information.shtml〕 Upon the adoption of Resolution 1267 (1999), the Committee lacked a Chairperson, and its first and only meeting held in 1999 was chaired by the then President of the United Nations Security Council, H.E. Sir Jeremy Greenstock of the United Kingdom. The first Chairman of the Committee was H.E. Ambassador Arnoldo Listre of Argentina, who held the post until the end of 2000. The post was subsequently held by the Ambassadors of Colombia (2001–2002), Chile (2003–2004), Argentina (2005–2006), Belgium (2007–2008), Austria (2009–2010), and Germany (2011-2012). ==Resolutions== The Al-Qaida sanctions regime has been modified and strengthened by a number of subsequent resolutions. The following paragraphs summarize the relevant Security Council resolutions which have served in the strengthening of the 1267 (now Al-Qaida) sanctions regime: *Resolution 1267 (1999) adopted on 15 October 1999 established the 1267 Committee and imposed amongst other things, financial sanctions on the Taliban. *Resolution 1333 (2000) adopted on 19 December 2000 added a 12-month arms embargo over the territory of Afghanistan under Taliban control and expanded the financial sanctions to cover Osama bin Laden and Al-Qaida. *Resolution 1390 (2002) adopted on 16 January 2002 added the travel ban, removed the time limit on the arms and financial sanctions over Osama bin Laden and Al-Qaida, expanded all three sanctions measures beyond the territory of Afghanistan and established the Consolidated List. *Resolution 1452 (2002) adopted on 20 December 2002 provided humanitarian exemptions to the assets freeze. *Resolution 1455 (2003) adopted on 17 January 2003 called for implementation reports from all States. *Resolution 1526 (2004) adopted on 30 January 2004 strengthened the Committee’s mandate, established the Monitoring Team, provided for wider dissemination of the Consolidated List to International Regional Organizations (IROs) for inclusion of listed names in their respective electronic databases and relevant border enforcement and entry/exit tracking systems, encouraged relevant IROs to become more directly involved in capacity-building efforts, and offered technical assistance in areas identified by the Committee, in consultation with the Counter Terrorism Committee. *Resolution 1617 (2005) adopted on 29 July 2005 provided the “associated with” criteria, statements of case for listing, checklist reporting and welcomed the efforts of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) to prevent travel documents from being made available to terrorists and their associates, and encouraged Member States to work in the framework of INTERPOL, in particular through the use of the INTERPOL database of stolen and lost travel documents. *Resolution 1699 (2006) adopted on 8 August 2006 requested the Secretary-General to take the necessary steps to increase cooperation between the United Nations and INTERPOL in order to provide all the other Security Council Sanctions Committees with better tools to implement the measures adopted by the Security Council. *Resolution 1730 (2006) adopted on 19 December 2006 established what was known as a Focal Point for de-listing requests for all sanctions committees. This resolution was superseded, insofar as it pertained to the Al-Qaeda/Taliban Sanctions Committee, by the establishment of the Office of the Ombudsperson pursuant to Resolution 1904 (2009). *Resolution 1735 (2006) adopted on 22 December 2006 extended the decision-making time for asset freeze exemptions, provided a cover sheet for listing submissions, highlighted the arms embargo explanation of terms, suggested publicly releasable statements of case, established a notification process to listed parties, highlighted listing and de-listing issues, requested the Secretary-General to take necessary steps to increase cooperation between the UN and relevant organizations such as INTERPOL, ICAO, IATA and WCO to provide the Committee and Member States with better tools. *Resolution 1822 (2008) adopted on 30 June 2008 reaffirmed the acts and activities regarding the “associated with” criteria eligibility for listing, requested States to identify publicly releasable statements of case, directed the Committee to make narrative summaries of reasons for listing for all names accessible on the Committee’s website and other initiatives on listing and de-listing, and also directed the Committee to conduct a comprehensive review of all names on the List as at 30 June 2008 (488 names) by 30 June 2010. It encouraged the Committee to continue to ensure that fair and clear procedures exist for listing and de-listing, encouraged cooperation with INTERPOL and UNODC.〔United Nations 1267 Security Council Committee, Useful Papers, Information Package on the Work and Mandate of The Security Council Al Qaeda and Taliban Sanctions Committee, Annex II, http://www.un.org/sc/committees/1267/pdf/Information%20package%20-%202009.08%20-%20English.pdf〕 *Resolution 1904 (2009) adopted on 17 December 2009 added to the review process pursuant to resolution 1822 (2008), directed the Committee to conduct reviews of deceased persons who may be on the list and listings lacking identifiers for effective implementation, and enhanced information sharing and transparency including by introducing new procedures for dealing with pending issues. It further shortened the notification period for listing or de-listing to three days and established the Office of the Ombudsperson to assist the Committee in the consideration of de-listing requests. *Resolutions 1988 and 1989 (2011) adopted on 17 June 2011 split the functions of the original 1267 Committee so that the Al-Qaida Sanctions Committee would deal with sanctions relating to Al-Qaida, and the new 1988 Committee would deal with sanctions relating to the Taliban. *By the terms of United Nations Security Council Resolution 2083, adopted unanimously on 17 December 2012, the Council further detailed the criteria for designation as an individual or entity associated with Al-Qaida and subject to an asset freeze, travel ban and arms embargo. It also extended for 30 months the mandate of the Office of the Ombudsperson established by resolution 1904 (2009) to handle delisting requests and improve the regime’s transparency and fairness.〔http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2012/sc10859.doc.htm〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Al-Qaida Sanctions Committee」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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